This course provides an advanced sociological analysis of health, illness, and healthcare systems specifically tailored for public health practitioners. Rather than treating sociology as a purely theoretical discipline, this course emphasizes the application of sociological concepts, theories, and methods to real world public health problems in Nigeria and other low and middle income countries (LMICs). Students will learn to analyse how social structures, cultural norms, power relations, and institutional arrangements determine population health outcomes, shape health behaviours, and influence the effectiveness of public health interventions. The course draws heavily on Nigerian and Sub Saharan African case studies, ensuring relevance to the local public health context while maintaining global comparative perspectives.