The meaning, nature and scope of criminology; evolution of criminological thought; phenomenology, actinology of crime and victimology; Classification of victims and degree of victimization; Legal principles relating to insanity, mental deficiency and other forms of mental incapacity; criminological aspect of victimless crimes; the criminology of enforcement; criminological forecasting and planning; Nigerian Criminal Justice System; nature of crime in Nigeria; drug addiction, alcoholism, cultism, juvenile delinquency in Nigeria; transnational; organized crimes; impact of crime on society; the effect of crime on the victim; theories of punishment; the law governing sentencing and court orders made in respect of criminal cases; sentencing practice, treatment techniques, and strategies; criminological research methods; philosophies of punishment, correction and treatment; types of punishment; different forms of punishment treatment, execution, correction of  convicts.